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react實現(xiàn)彈出模態(tài)框的方法：1、用createPortal把元素直接渲染到“document.body”下；2、通過“modelShow”和“modelShowAync”來控制彈窗的顯示隱藏；3、用一個控制器controlShow來流暢執(zhí)行更新任務即可。
本教程操作環(huán)境：Windows10系統(tǒng)、react18.0.0版、Dell G3電腦。
react怎么實現(xiàn)彈出模態(tài)框?
react實現(xiàn)Modal彈窗
一、Dialog.js文件
import React, {useMemo, useEffect, useState} from 'react' import ReactDOM from 'react-dom' /** * * 需要把元素渲染到組件之外，用 createPortal 把元素直接渲染到 document.body 下，為了防止函數(shù)組件每一次執(zhí)行都觸發(fā) createPortal， 所以通過 useMemo 做性能優(yōu)化。 因為需要漸變的動畫效果，所以需要兩個變量 modelShow / modelShowAync 來控制顯示/隱藏，modelShow 讓元素顯示/隱藏，modelShowAync 控制動畫執(zhí)行。 當彈窗要顯示的時候，要先設置 modelShow 讓組件顯示，然后用 setTimeout 調度讓 modelShowAync 觸發(fā)執(zhí)行動畫。 當彈窗要隱藏的時候，需要先讓動畫執(zhí)行，所以先控制 modelShowAync ，然后通過控制 modelShow 元素隱藏，和上述流程相反。 用一個控制器 controlShow 來流暢執(zhí)行更新任務。 */ // 控制彈窗隱藏以及動畫效果 const controlShow = (f1, f2, value, timer) => { f1(value) return setTimeout(() => { f2(value) }, timer) } export const Dialog = (props) => { const {width, visible, closeCb, onClose} = props // 控制 modelShow動畫效果 const [modelShow, setModelShow] = useState(visible) const [modelShowAsync, setModelShowAsync] = useState(visible) const renderChildren = useMemo(() => { // 把元素渲染到組件之外的document.body 上 return ReactDOM.createPortal(<div style={{display: modelShow ? 'block' : 'none'}}> <div className="model_container" style={{opacity: modelShowAsync ? 1 : 0}}> <div className="model_wrap"> <div style={{width: width + 'px'}}> {props.children} </div> </div> </div> <div className="model_container mast" onClick={() => onClose && onClose()} style={{opacity: modelShowAsync ? 0.6 : 0}}/> </div>, document.body) }, [modelShow, modelShowAsync]) useEffect(() => { let timer if (visible) { // 打開彈窗， timer = controlShow(setModelShow, setModelShowAsync, visible, 30) } else { timer = controlShow(setModelShowAsync,setModelShow,visible,1000) } return () => { timer && clearTimeout(timer) } }, [visible]) return renderChildren }
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二、Modal.js
import {Dialog} from "./Dialog"; import React, {useEffect, useState} from 'react' import ReactDOM from 'react-dom' import './style.scss' class Modal extends React.PureComponent { // 渲染底部按鈕 renderFooter = () => { const {onOk, onCancel, cancelText, okText, footer} = this.props // 觸發(fā)onOk / onCancel回調 if (footer && React.isValidElement(footer)) return footer return <div className="model_bottom"> <div className="model_btn_box"> <button className="searchbtn" onClick={(e) => { onOk && onOk(e) }}>{okText || '確定'} </button> <button className="concellbtn" onClick={(e) => { onCancel && onCancel(e) }}>{cancelText || '取消'} </button> </div> </div> } // 渲染底部 renderTop = () => { const {title, onClose} = this.props return <div className="model_top"> <p>{title}</p> <span className="model_top_close" onClick={() => onClose && onClose()}>X</span> </div> } // 渲染彈窗內容 renderContent = () => { const {content, children} = this.props return React.isValidElement(content) ? content : children ? children : null } render() { const {visible, width = 500, closeCb, onClose} = this.props return <Dialog closeCb={closeCb} onClose={onClose} visible={visible} width={width} > {this.renderTop()} {this.renderContent()} {this.renderFooter()} </Dialog> } } // 靜態(tài)方法 let ModalContainer = null const modelSymbol = Symbol('$$_model_Container_hidden') // 靜態(tài)屬性show——控制 Modal.show = (config) => { // 如果modal已經存在，name就不需要第二次show if (ModalContainer) return const props = {...config, visible: true} const container = ModalContainer = document.createElement('div') // 創(chuàng)建一個管理者，管理model狀態(tài) const manager = container[modelSymbol] = { setShow: null, mounted: false, hidden() { const {setShow} = manager setShow && setShow(false) }, destroy() { // 卸載組件 ReactDOM.unmountComponentAtNode(container) // 移除節(jié)點 document.body.removeChild(container) // 置空元素 ModalContainer = null } } const ModelApp = (props) => { const [show, setShow] = useState(false) manager.setShow = setShow const {visible, ...trueProps} = props useEffect(() => { // 加載完成，設置狀態(tài) manager.mounted = true setShow(visible) }, []) return <Modal {...trueProps} closeCb={() => manager.mounted && manager.destroy()} visible={show}/> } // 插入到body中 document.appendChild(container) // 渲染React元素 ReactDOM.render(<ModelApp/>, container) return manager } Modal.hidden = () => { if(!ModalContainer) return // 如果存在ModalContainer 那么隱藏ModalContainer ModalContainer[modelSymbol] && ModalContainer[modelSymbol].hidden() } export default Modal
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三、style.scss樣式文件
$bg-linear-gradien-red-light : linear-gradient(135deg, #fc4838 0%, #f6346b 100%); $bg-linear-gradien-red-dark : linear-gradient(135deg, #fc4838 0%, #f6346b 100%); .constrol{ padding: 30px; width: 500px; border: 1px solid #ccc; height: 200px; } .feel{ padding: 24px; } .model_top{ height: 40px; border-radius: 5px 5px 0 0 ; position: relative; p{ height: 40px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 40px; padding-left: 14px; } background-color: #eee; .model_top_close{ position: absolute; font-size: 16px; cursor: pointer; right: 24px; top: 8px; } } .model_bottom{ height: 50px; padding-top: 10px; .model_btn_box{ display: inline-block; margin-left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%); } } .model_container{ .model_wrap{ position: absolute; border-radius:5px ; background: #fff; left:50%; top:50%; transform: translate(-50%,-50%); } position: fixed; z-index: 10000; left:0; top:0; transition: opacity 0.3s; right: 0; bottom: 0; } .mast{ background-color: #000; z-index: 9999; } .searchbtn{ background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fc4838 0%, #f6346b 100%); color: #fff; min-width: 96px; height :36px; border :none; border-radius: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 500; cursor: pointer; margin-left: 20px !important; } .searchbtn:focus{ background: $bg-linear-gradien-red-dark; color: #fff; min-width: 96px; height: 36px; border: none; border-radius: 18px; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 500; cursor: pointer; margin-left: 20px !important; box-shadow: 0 2px 7px 0 #FAA79B; } .searchbtn:hover{ background :$bg-linear-gradien-red-light; color :#fff; min-width: 96px; height :36px; margin-left: 20px !important; border: none; border-radius: 18px; font-size :14px; font-weight: 500; cursor: pointer; box-shadow: 0 2px 7px 0 #FAA79B; } .searchbtn:disabled{ background: #c0c6c6; color :#fff; min-width: 96px; height :36px; font-size :14px; font-weight: 500; border: none; border-radius: 18px; cursor: not-allowed; } .concellbtn{ background :#fff; color :#303133; width: 96px; height: 36px; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 500; border :1px solid #E4E7ED; border-radius: 18px; cursor: pointer; // margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; } .concellbtn:hover{ background :rgba(220, 223, 230, 0.1); color: #303133; width :96px; height: 36px; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 500; border :1px solid #E4E7ED; border-radius: 18px; cursor: pointer; // margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; } .concellbtn:focus{ background :rgba(220, 223, 230, 0.24); color: #303133; width :96px; height: 36px; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 500; border: 1px solid #C0C4CC; border-radius: 18px; cursor: pointer; margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; }
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四、調用例子
import React, {useState, useMemo} from 'react' import Modal from './customPopup/Modal' /* 掛載方式調用modal */ export default function App() { const [ visible , setVisible ] = useState(false) const [ nameShow , setNameShow ] = useState(false) const handleClick = () => { setVisible(!visible) setNameShow(!nameShow) } /* 防止 Model 的 PureComponent 失去作用 */ const [ handleClose ,handleOk, handleCancel ] = useMemo(()=>{ const Ok = () => console.log('點擊確定按鈕') const Close = () => setVisible(false) const Cancel = () => console.log('點擊取消按鈕') return [Close , Ok , Cancel] },[]) return <div> <Modal onCancel={handleCancel} onClose={handleClose} onOk={handleOk} title={'標題'} visible={visible} width={700} > <div className="feel" > 內容。。。。。。。 </div> </Modal> <button onClick={() => { setVisible(!visible) setNameShow(false) }} > model show </button> <button onClick={handleClick} > model show ( 顯示作者 ) </button> </div> }
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實現(xiàn)效果
推薦學習：《react視頻教程》
